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25 guides~2.2 hrs totalupdated Jul 3, 2026

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Vector Database for RAG: When to Ditch the List (Part 4)

A vector database for RAG earns its place when persistence, filters, or scale demand it — move the Part 1 list store to Chroma and add hybrid search.

Intermediate · 7 min

AI Engineering

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IntermediateSemantic Chunking & Re-Ranking for Better RAG (Part 3)Semantic chunking and cross-encoder re-ranking break the retrieval ceiling fixed-size chunks hit — with a hit-rate eval showing which to reach for first.6 min BeginnerPython Environment Setup for AI Agents: The 5-Minute Primer (2026)The one setup every AI agent tutorial assumes: install Python, create a virtual environment, install packages, and add your API key with a .env file — in about five minutes.4 min IntermediateBuild a RAG System in Python From Scratch (Part 1)Build a RAG system in Python from scratch — no framework. Four functions that chunk, embed, store, and retrieve over your own docs, then answer with an LLM.8 min IntermediateRAG Chunking & Retrieval Quality: Fix Bad Answers (Part 2)Fix RAG chunking to stop wrong answers — use fixed-size windows, overlap, and a 10-line retrieval eval. The model was never the problem; the chunks were.6 min BeginnerPydantic BaseModel: A Primer for AI Agent Developers (2026)A Pydantic BaseModel primer for AI agent developers: define a model, validate data, and turn messy LLM output into a clean, typed Python object.4 min BeginnerWhat Is RAG in AI? A Practical Developer's Guide (2026)What is RAG? A developer's guide to retrieval-augmented generation: why LLMs need it, the retrieve-augment-generate loop, and a runnable RAG in 25 lines.6 min BeginnerPython Decorators: A Primer for Reading AI Agent Code (2026)A Python decorators primer for reading AI agent code: what the @ symbol does, how @tool and @app.get work, and why frameworks hand you decorators to apply.4 min BeginnerAsync and Await in Python: A Primer for AI Agent Code (2026)An async and await in Python primer for reading AI agent code: what async def, await, and asyncio.run mean, and the two mistakes beginners always hit.5 min BeginnerDocker for Python: A Primer for Shipping AI Agents (2026)A Docker for Python primer: what images and containers are, how to write a Dockerfile for an app, and why agents ship in containers — explained simply.4 min BeginnerEmbeddings and Vector Search: A Primer for AI Agents (2026)An embeddings and vector search primer: how text becomes vectors, how similarity search finds meaning not keywords, and why agent memory and RAG rely on it.4 min BeginnerHTTP and Bearer Tokens: A Primer for Python Devs (2026)An HTTP and bearer token primer for Python devs: methods, status codes, JSON bodies, and how an Authorization Bearer header authenticates an API call.5 min BeginnerLLM API Keys: Set Up OpenAI, Anthropic & Gemini (2026)An LLM API key primer: where to get OpenAI, Anthropic, and Gemini keys, how to load one safely with python-dotenv, and how to avoid a leaked-key bill.4 min BeginnerOAuth 2.1 in Plain English: A Primer for Developers (2026)An OAuth 2.1 primer in plain English: access tokens, scopes, the client–server–authorization flow, and how it protects an API or MCP server from anyone.4 min BeginnerPytest and CI: A Primer for Testing AI Agents (2026)A pytest and CI primer: write a first test, run it, and wire it into GitHub Actions so every pull request is checked automatically — explained for beginners.4 min BeginnerPython Type Hints: A Primer for Reading AI Agent Code (2026)A Python type hints primer for reading AI agent code: function hints, Optional, Union, TypedDict for message lists, and how frameworks use them.5 min BeginnerPython Virtual Environments: venv, pip & uv Primer (2026)A Python virtual environment primer: why venv exists, how to create and activate one, install packages with pip or uv, and avoid the classic setup traps.4 min BeginnerFrom Scratch to LangGraph: When to Stop Hand-Building AgentsFrom scratch to LangGraph: the four walls that tell you when to use LangGraph instead of a hand-built Python agent loop — and when plain Python is still the right call.5 min BeginnerAI Agent Loop in Python: Build a ReAct Agent From ScratchBuild an AI agent loop in Python from scratch: a framework-free ReAct agent that thinks, calls a tool, observes the result, and repeats until the job is done.7 min BeginnerAI Agent Memory in Python: Short-Term Memory From ScratchAdd AI agent memory in Python from scratch: keep the conversation in a messages list, then trim and summarize older turns to fit the model's context window.7 min IntermediateCrewAI Tutorial: Build a Multi-Agent Team in Python (2026)CrewAI tutorial: build a 3-agent team in Python — researcher, writer, and editor — with runnable 2026 code, and exactly when a crew is overkill.7 min BeginnerPython for AI Agents: The Basics to Read the Code (Part 0)The Python for AI agents you actually need to read the code: dicts, functions, type hints, loops, async, and setup — explained simply for beginners.6 min BeginnerCall an LLM in Python: The First Building Block of an AgentCall an LLM in Python with real OpenAI and Anthropic code: system vs user prompts, temperature, JSON output, and why one call isn't yet an agent.6 min BeginnerTool Calling in Python: Make an LLM Use Your FunctionsTool calling in Python from scratch: define a tool, parse the model's request, run your function, and return the result — with real, current OpenAI code.7 min BeginnerAgentic AI Roadmap 2026: Worth It + the Exact PathAn honest agentic AI roadmap for 2026: is it worth learning, the exact path from Python to a deployed agent, what to skip, and the tools that matter.5 min

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